电容的规格书中经常会出现电解电容的寿命是2000小时或者5000小时或者10000小时不等。很多客户会问：“如果按照一天24小时计算的话，假设一个设备每天工作12小时，选用的是2000小时的电解电容的话，那该电容的使用时长只有不到200天，这使用寿命也太短了吧！真的是这样吗？
The specifications of capacitors often indicate that the lifespan of electrolytic capacitors ranges from 2000 hours to 5000 hours or 10000 hours. Many customers ask, "If we calculate based on 24 hours a day, assuming a device works 12 hours a day and uses 2000 hours of electrolytic capacitors, then the lifespan of the capacitor is less than 200 days, which is too short! Is this really true?"?
答案当然是否定的。电解电容的寿命不是这样计算的。电解电容的寿命主要受其所在工作环境中温度的影响。通常，温度每降低10℃，电解电容的寿命就会增加一倍。因此，建议在规格书标明的最高温度之内使用该电容，以尽可能低的温度使用电解电容器。
The answer is certainly negative. The lifespan of electrolytic capacitors is not calculated in this way. The lifespan of electrolytic capacitors is mainly affected by the temperature in their working environment. Usually, for every 10 ℃ decrease in temperature, the lifespan of electrolytic capacitors doubles. Therefore, it is recommended to use the capacitor within the maximum temperature specified in the specifications, and to use electrolytic capacitors at the lowest possible temperature.
因为如果工作温度超过规格书中标明的最高温度，电容器的参数便会下降，在温度过高的工作环境下极有损坏甚至爆炸的危险。因为电解电容是靠其内部的电解液来工作的，而电解液会不断蒸发变少，温度越高，蒸发越快，从而会大大减少电解电容的寿命。那么如何分析电解电容的温升呢？
Because if the working temperature exceeds the maximum temperature specified in the specifications, the parameters of the capacitor will decrease, and there is a high risk of damage or even explosion in working environments with high temperatures. Because electrolytic capacitors operate on their internal electrolyte, which continuously evaporates less. The higher the temperature, the faster the evaporation, greatly reducing the lifespan of electrolytic capacitors. So how to analyze the temperature rise of electrolytic capacitors?
要计算电解电容的最高工作温度，必须考虑以下因素：
To calculate the maximum operating temperature of an electrolytic capacitor, the following factors must be considered:
环境温度
ambient temperature
电容器纹波电流引起的温升。这个值基本上取决于电容器的ESR，也就是其内部电阻，以及工作频率。
The temperature rise caused by the ripple current of the capacitor. This value basically depends on the ESR of the capacitor, which is its internal resistance and operating frequency.
在同一电路板上，靠近电容器的其他电子组件（功率晶体管，稳压器，功率电阻器等）传导和辐射的热量。
The heat conducted and radiated by other electronic components (power transistors, regulators, power resistors, etc.) near capacitors on the same circuit board.
电解电容结构
Electrolytic capacitor structure
寿命计算
Lifetime calculation
计算公式
Calculation formula
L1：在温度T1时的保证寿命（以小时为单位），也就是电解电容规格书中给出的寿命值。
The guaranteed lifespan (in hours) at temperature T1, which is the lifespan value given in the electrolytic capacitor specification book.
L2：在温度T2下的预期寿命（以小时为单位）。
Expected lifespan at temperature T2 (in hours).
T1：电解电容规格书中给出的最高工作温度。
The maximum operating temperature given in the electrolytic capacitor specification book.
T2：电解电容实际工作的最高工作温度。
The maximum operating temperature at which electrolytic capacitors actually operate.
举个例子，某个电解电容在最大温度为105℃时，寿命为2000小时。根据计算公式，如果电解电容实际工作的最大温度是40℃，可以计算出其工作寿命是2000*2^（105-40）/10=181019H≈20年。但是事实上我们一般是知道设计寿命，然后根据设计寿命计算温升，比如说如果产品的设计使用寿命为3年，也就是26280小时。则10*log2（26280/2000）=37.3℃，那么设计工作温度不能超过65℃。
For example, a certain electrolytic capacitor has a lifespan of 2000 hours at a maximum temperature of 105 ℃. According to the calculation formula, if the actual maximum working temperature of the electrolytic capacitor is 40 ℃, its working life can be calculated to be 2000 * 2 ^ (105-40)/10=181019H ≈ 20 years. But in fact, we usually know the design life and calculate the temperature rise based on the design life. For example, if the product's design service life is 3 years, that is 26280 hours. If 10 * log2 (26280/2000)=37.3 ℃, then the design working temperature cannot exceed 65 ℃.
以上就是计算电解电容寿命的方法，山东红宝电子从事电子元件多年，有丰富的选型经验，能够根据客户行业，所用产品，工作环境等推荐适合的电子元器件，如果电子元件采购需求欢迎随时联系我们。
The above is the method for calculating the lifespan of electrolytic capacitors. Shandong Hongbao Electronics has been engaged in electronic components for many years and has rich selection experience. It can recommend suitable electronic components based on customer industries, products used, working environments, etc. If you have any purchasing needs for electronic components, please feel free to contact us at any time.